Three Types Of New Energy Vehicles

New energy vehicles refer to the use of unconventional vehicle fuel as the power source (or the use of conventional vehicle fuel, the use of new vehicle power device), integrated vehicle power control and drive advanced technology, the formation of advanced technology principle, with new technology, a new structure of the car.

New energy vehicles include pure electric vehicles, extended-range electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, hydrogen engine vehicles, etc.

Today we introduce three types of new energy vehicles: hybrid electric vehicle, pure electric vehicle and fuel cell electric vehicle.

Types Of New Energy Vehicles: Hybrid electric vehicle

Hybrid Power Automobile refers to the vehicle equipped with more than two Power sources: battery, fuel cell, solar cell, and diesel engine generator set. The current Hybrid electric vehicle generally refers to a diesel engine generator plus the car’s battery.

There are three main types of hybrid electric vehicles. One is the “parallel mode”(PHEV), in which the engine is the main power and the electric motor is the auxiliary series hybrid electric vehicle principle auxiliary power. This way is mainly driven by the engine, using the characteristics of the electric motor has strong power when the restart, in the car starting, acceleration and other engine fuel consumption is large, with the electric motor auxiliary driveway to reduce the engine fuel consumption. The structure of this method is relatively simple, only need to add electric motors and batteries to the car.

The other is the “series and parallel mode” (PSHEV) in which only the electric motor is driven at low speeds, and the engine and the electric motor are driven together when the speed is increased. When starting and at low speed, it is driven only by the electric motor. When the speed is increased, the engine and the electric motor jointly share the power efficiently. This method requires a power-sharing device and a generator, so the structure is complicated.

There is also the “series mode” of electric vehicles driven only by electric motors (SHEV), in which the engine is the power source and the car is driven only by the electric motor. The drive system is only the electric motor, but it also needs to install a fuel engine, so it is also a kind of hybrid electric vehicle.

Types Of New Energy Vehicles: Pure electric vehicles

Battery Electric Vehicle, or BEV for short, is a car that is powered entirely by rechargeable batteries such as lead-acid, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, or lithium-ion batteries. Although it has a long history of 186 years, it has been limited to certain specific ranges of applications, and the market is small. The main reason is that due to various types of batteries, there are generally high prices, short life, large dimensions and weights, and long charging time.

Although China’s electric vehicles did not start early in Europe and, the United States, and other countries, the country from the maintenance of energy security, improved the atmospheric environment, improved the competitiveness of the automobile industry to achieve the leapfrog development of China’s automobile industry strategic considerations, electric vehicle research has been a national planning project, and in 2001 set up a “major scientific and technological project for electric vehicles”.

By organizing enterprises, colleges and universities and scientific research institutions, the government has concentrated all aspects of the force to tackle critical problems jointly and is now in a stage of strong research and development momentum. Some technologies have caught up with or even surpassed the world’s advanced level. Since the “Major Science and Technology Project on Electric Vehicles” implementation, fuel cell vehicle prototypes have been successfully developed, with a cumulative operation of thousands of kilometers. Hybrid buses have been tested and run on bus lines in Wuhan and other places for more than one million kilometers; Pure electric vehicles have passed the relevant national certification tests.

Now Pure electric vehicles have become the most popular types of new energy vehicles in China.

Types Of New Energy Vehicles: Fuel cell vehicles

Fuel cell vehicles refer to vehicles that rely on electric motors to generate electric currents through chemical reactions fueled by hydrogen and methanol. The energy of its battery is directly transformed into electricity through the chemical action of hydrogen and oxygen rather than through combustion. The chemical reaction process of fuel cells does not produce harmful products, so fuel cell vehicles are pollution-free cars. The energy conversion efficiency of fuel cells is 2 to 3 times higher than that of internal combustion engines, so from the aspect of energy utilization and environmental protection, fuel cell vehicles are ideal.

These types of new energy vehicles fuel cell vehicles can also be electric vehicles, but you can fill your batteries with fuel in five minutes instead of waiting hours to charge fully. Fuel cell vehicles are also electric vehicles, but the “battery” is a hybrid fuel cell of hydrogen and oxygen. In contrast to ordinary chemical batteries, fuel cells can be replenished with fuel, usually supplemented with hydrogen. Some fuel cells can use methane and gasoline as fuel but are generally limited to industrial use in industrial sectors such as power plants and forklifts.

The working principle of fuel cell vehicles is that hydrogen as fuel in the fuel cell equipped with the car, and the oxygen in the atmosphere undergo a redox chemical reaction, generating electrical energy to drive the motor to work, the motor drives the mechanical transmission structure in the car, and then drives the front axle (or rear axle) of the car and other walking mechanical forms to work, thereby driving the electric vehicle forward.

More types of new energy vehicles will be introduced in the next blog.